1. 下载yum的repo源并安装,执行安装后，在/etc/yum.repos.d/这个目录下多出mysql-community-source.repo和mysql-community.repo:

# Centos6.5:
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
 
# Centos7:
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

2. 用yum repolist mysql 查看是否已经有mysql可安装文件:

yum repolist all | grep mysql

3. 安装mysql服务:

yum install mysql-community-server

4. 安装成功后,启动mysql服务:

systemctl start mysqld

5. mysql安装后密码默认为空,需要修改密码:

mysql -u root
use mysql;
update user set password=PASSWORD("这里输入root用户密码") where User='root';
flush privileges; 

6. 设置mysql服务自启动:

systemctl enable mysqld

7. mysql安全问题:

mysql_secure_installation
 
Enter current password for root (enter for none): <- 初次运行直接回车
Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否设置root用户密码，输入y并回车或直接回车
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户,生产环境建议删除，所以直接回车
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,根据自己的需求选择Y/n并回车
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库,直接回车
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，直接回车

8.本地远程连接可能会出现1130错误,需要设置root的'host'为'%':

# 以权限用户root登录
mysql -u root -p
 
# 选择mysql库
use mysql; 
 
# 查看mysql库中的user表的host值
select 'host' from user where user='root'; 
 
# 修改host值,如果这步出错'ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry `%-root` for key `PRIMARY`'说明该记录有了
update user set host = '%' where user ='root'; 
 
# 刷新mysql的系统权限相关表
flush privileges; 
 
# 再重新查看user表
select 'host' from user where user='root';

9. 重启mysql服务:

systemctl restart mysqld;

参考文章

1. linux CentOS6.5 yum安装mysql 5.6